要る・いる (3)

Verb (Group 1) (Basic ㊦ 157)

Someone, something needs something

Equivalent: Need

君達は英和辞典が要る・要ります。: You need an English-Japanese dictionary.
私は今お金が要る。: I need money now.
何か道具が要りますか。: Do you need some tools?
この車はガソリンが沢山要る。: This car needs a lot of gas.

Notes

1. いる 'need' takes the は～が construction, where the experiencer (that is, the person or thing that needs something) is followed by は and the necessary object by が.

(⇨ ㊦は～が)

2. いる 'need' is a Group 1 verb; thus, the negative form is いらない, the polite form is いります and the て-form is いって.

3. The experiencer can also take the particle に, as in (1).

a. この子にはいい家庭教師がいる。
This child needs a good tutor. (Literally: For this child, a good tutor is necessary.)

b.このプロジェクトには人と金がいる。
This project needs people and money. (Literally: For this project people and money are necessary.)

4. In subordinate clauses, the experiencer is followed by either が or に, as in (2), unless the sentence is contrastive. (In that case, は follows.)

(⇨ ㊦は (1))

この車が/にガソリンがたくさんいることを知っていましたか。
Did you know that this car needs a lot of gas?